{"id":1647,"date":"2023-08-15T07:18:36","date_gmt":"2023-08-15T06:18:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/?page_id=1647"},"modified":"2023-08-19T08:52:18","modified_gmt":"2023-08-19T07:52:18","slug":"integrovat-nebo-segregovat-vyvazeni-produkce-komodit-a-zachovani-biologicke-rozmanitosti-v-evropskych-lesich","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/?page_id=1647","title":{"rendered":"Integrovat nebo segregovat: vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed produkce komodit a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti v evropsk\u00fdch les\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<p>Obsah str\u00e1nky je v\u00fdtahem adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti kapitoly, kter\u00e1 je uvedena v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed origin\u00e1ln\u00ed publikaci: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/integrate_book_2013.pdf\">Integrative approaches as an opportunity for the conservation of forest biodiversity<\/a><\/em>. Doporu\u010den\u00e1 citace uveden\u00e9 publikace: Kraus D., Krumm F. (eds) 2013. Integrative approaches as an opportunity<br \/>for the conservation of forest biodiversity. European Forest Institute. 284 pp.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>V lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9mech je plocha chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch les\u016f omezena a velk\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina les\u016f mus\u00ed poskytovat v\u00edce\u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Proto \u00fa\u010dinnost a pokrok v ochran\u011b biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti les\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed na <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">vhodn\u00e9m a dopl\u0148kov\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed integrativn\u00edch a segrega\u010dn\u00edch konzerva\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h1>V\u00fdb\u011br okruh\u016f a pojm\u016f k diskuzi a opakov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h1>\n<p>Z <a href=\"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/integrate_book_2013.pdf\">doporu\u010den\u00e9 knihy<\/a> ke studiu vyb\u00edr\u00e1me n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li><a href=\"#biodiverzita\"><strong>Biodiverzita<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#typy_lesa\"><strong>Typy lesa a jejich vztah k hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 intenzit\u011b a biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#segregace_integrace\"><strong>Grafick\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed rozd\u00edlnosti pojmu segregace a integrace v lesnictv\u00ed <\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"#stup_integrace\">Distribuce integrativn\u00edch a segregativn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f na ochranu biodiverzity v \u00fazemn\u011b pl\u00e1novac\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku lesn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed<\/a> <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong><a id=\"biodiverzita\"><\/a>Box 3. Biodiverzita (s. 21)<\/strong><br \/>Biologick\u00e1 rozmanitost zahrnuje rozmanitost ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f, druh\u016f, gen\u016f a jejich interakce. Druhov\u00e1 rozmanitost, jako nej\u010dast\u011bji zva\u017eovan\u00fd aspekt, je m\u011b\u0159ena jako druhov\u00e1 bohatost (tj. po\u010det druh\u016f p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm ekosyst\u00e9mu) a druhov\u00e1 rovnom\u011brnost (tj. relativn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm ekosyst\u00e9m). Druhov\u00e1 rozmanitost souvis\u00ed s prostorov\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtkem. Celkov\u00e1 druhov\u00e1 diverzita v krajin\u011b (gama diverzita) z\u00e1vis\u00ed na diverzit\u011b alfa (po\u010det druh\u016f v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm lesn\u00edm porostu, lesn\u00ed plo\u0161e nebo typu lesa) a beta diverzit\u011b (stupe\u0148 variace alfa diverzity nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d r\u016fzn\u00fdmi porosty, lesn\u00edmi oblastmi nebo typy les\u016f).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong><a id=\"typy_lesa\"><\/a>Typy lesa a jejich vztah k hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 intenzit\u011b a biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti (s. 21)<br \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-16-at-14-13-25-Integrative-approaches-as-an-opportunity-for-the-conservation-of-forest-biodiversity.-integrate_book_2013-2.pdf.png\" \/><strong>Obr. 4<\/strong>: Vztah mezi typy les\u016f p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch intenzit\u00e1ch vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, resp. t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch re\u017eimech a jejich biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti. Tmav\u011b zelen\u00e9 symboly ozna\u010duj\u00ed lesy prim\u00e1rn\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 k ochran\u011b biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti; sv\u011btle zelen\u00e9 symboly ozna\u010duj\u00ed lesy prim\u00e1rn\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 k produkci komodit. Zdroj: Upraveno podle Schulze et al. (2007).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong><a id=\"segregace_integrace\"><\/a>Grafick\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed rozd\u00edlnosti pojmu segregace a integrace v lesnictv\u00ed (s. 25)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-16-at-14-52-12-Integrative-approaches-as-an-opportunity-for-the-conservation-of-forest-biodiversity.-integrate_book_2013-2.pdf.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Obr. 6<\/strong>: Koncep\u010dn\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi segregativn\u00edm a integrativn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem v lesnictv\u00ed. V segrega\u010dn\u00edm lesnictv\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed parky a lesn\u00ed rezervace \u010dasto uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed pralesy nebo p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed lesy, kter\u00e9 jsou zasazeny do matrice intenzivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch les\u016f nebo plant\u00e1\u017e\u00ed s n\u00edzkou kvalitou stanovi\u0161t\u011b. V \u010dist\u011b integrativn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed retence a obnovn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed (hn\u011bd\u00e1 barva textu) jsou ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch lesn\u00edch postup\u016f. Podporuj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm minimum c\u00edl\u016f ochrany stanovi\u0161\u0165 a zdroj\u016f, ale jejich dopad je v\u011bt\u0161inou omezen na m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko lokality a porostu. V optimalizovan\u00e9m integra\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu jsou tato drobn\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed kombinov\u00e1na se segrega\u010dn\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji (modr\u00e1 barva textu). \u010casto podporuj\u00ed dynamiku ekologick\u00fdch proces\u016f v m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku lesn\u00edch oblast\u00ed a krajiny, na kter\u00e9 se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed parky nebo p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 lesn\u00ed rezervace. Segrega\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje v\u0161ak lze tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt k aktivn\u00ed obnov\u011b tradi\u010dn\u00edch lesn\u00edch biotop\u016f pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ochranu stanoven\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010delu (nap\u0159. lesn\u00ed rezervace). Integra\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my lesnictv\u00ed, jako jsou ty ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, \u010dasto postr\u00e1daj\u00ed zbytky pralesa\u00a0 (b\u00edl\u00e1 barva zcela vlevo) na gradientu p\u0159\u00edroda &#8211; kultura (viz Winter et al. 2010).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong><a id=\"stup_integrace\"><\/a>Distribuce integrativn\u00edch a segregativn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f na ochranu biodiverzity v \u00fazemn\u011b pl\u00e1novac\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku lesn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed (s. 27)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-16-at-15-12-59-Integrative-approaches-as-an-opportunity-for-the-conservation-of-forest-biodiversity.-integrate_book_2013-2.pdf.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Obr. 7<\/strong>: Distribuce integrativn\u00edch (sv\u011btl\u00e9 symboly) a segregativn\u00edch (zelen\u00e9) n\u00e1stroj\u016f na ochranu biodiverzity v \u00fazemn\u011b pl\u00e1novac\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku lesn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Hn\u011bd\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ra p\u0159edstavuje virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed hranici mezi segregativn\u00edm a integruj\u00edc\u00edm syst\u00e9mem. Celoplo\u0161n\u00e9 integra\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dopln\u011bny siln\u00fdmi segrega\u010dn\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji pro komplexn\u00ed zachov\u00e1n\u00ed lesn\u00ed biodiverzity v kulturn\u00ed krajin\u011b. Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed mezera mezi integra\u010dn\u00edmi a segrega\u010dn\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji vznikl\u00e1 vymezen\u00edm oblasti ekologick\u00e9ho procesu (zelen\u011b p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e1 linie) m\u016f\u017ee do budoucna\u00a0 integrovat p\u0159irozenou dynamiku a prvky stanovi\u0161\u0165 v produk\u010dn\u00ed lesn\u00ed krajin\u011b. Na rozd\u00edl od lesn\u00edch rezervac\u00ed, oblasti ekologick\u00e9ho procesu by mohly b\u00fdt prostorov\u011b a \u010dasov\u011b flexibiln\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji ochrany (bl\u00ed\u017ee viz vlastn\u00ed text knihy).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Citovan\u00e1 literatura<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li>Schulze, E.-D., Hessenmoeller, D., Knohl, A., Luyssaert, S., Boerner, A. and Grace, J. 2007.<br \/>Temperate and boreal old-growth forests: how do their growth dynamics and biodiversity differ<br \/>from young stands and managed forests? In: Wirth, C., Gleixner, G. and Heimann, M. (eds.). Old-<br \/>growth forests: function, fate and value. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Pp. 343\u2013366.<\/li>\n<li>Winter, S., Fischer, H.S. and Fischer, A. 2010. Relative quantitative reference approach for<br \/>naturalness assessments of forests. Forest Ecology and Management 259:1624\u20131632.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Obsah str\u00e1nky je v\u00fdtahem adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti kapitoly, kter\u00e1 je uvedena v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed origin\u00e1ln\u00ed publikaci: Integrative approaches as an opportunity for the conservation of forest biodiversity. Doporu\u010den\u00e1 citace uveden\u00e9 publikace: Kraus D., Krumm F. (eds) 2013. Integrative approaches as an opportunityfor the conservation of forest biodiversity. European Forest Institute. 284 pp. V lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9mech je plocha [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":1640,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1647","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1647"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1647\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2205,"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1647\/revisions\/2205"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hul2.mendelu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}